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I have been given a Phalaenopsis

I have been given a Phalaenopsis, instructions with it recommended repotting every 2 years, how can you tell when repotting is required when the root system is already over the edges of the pot, also how do you go about repotting this type of orchid.

Yes it is time for repotting when the roots have grown out of the pot. Choose a new pot that will accommodate the roots for the next couple of years growth. You can actually buy appropriate orchid compost in a good garden centre It comprises coir, moss and charcoal with a little peat. If you buy it you should add a little extra charcoal to keep the soil sweet. Remember that when you repot you are sacrificing at least one years flowering. Worst-case scenario, two years. Its worth it in the long run.